A study on the Community Empowerment of "Nihon-taishomura" through the Theory of Learning Organization

[[abstract]]中文摘要 本論文的研究目的為，藉著田野調查的方式實際深入認識位於日本岐阜縣惠那市「日本大正村」，這一個超過四分之一世紀的成功社區營造個案。分別以學習型組織的五項修練為核心理念，編撰對內部顧客滿意度問卷，以其社區營造相關題材編撰外部顧客滿意度問卷。再採納輔導「學習型組織」多年的專家所建議，佐以美國哈佛商業評論網頁所提供的組織學習問卷，進一步加以檢測其是否就是一個「學習型組織」。 台灣從1994年由中山大學企業管理系楊碩英博士引進美國彼得〃聖吉博士的『第五項修練』大作之後，加上有官方的大力支持與民間企業的紛紛導入，至今可是說已届遍地開花之勢。例如：學習型企業、學習型學校、學習型醫院﹑﹑﹑等，相當多元。筆者對於學習型社區特感興趣，故以台灣社造人頻繁地造訪朝聖的「日本大正村」為研究主體，期待從其推動社區營造的沿革與成果中，找出其與「學習型組織」的共通點。 「日本大正村」的成立，肇因當地住民得知日本國鐵將停駛其連接明智町支線為契機，發自攝影家澤田正春先生的創意。當地集結所有人力、物力、財力，以「第三部門」，也就是非營利組織的性質經營著，其與現今營運中同性質的明知鐵道以唇齒相依之勢合作著。其所得則大多用在【明知鐵道】的續駛，以載送沿線老弱婦孺與學子通勤上。在筆者參與的「三村物語」宣傳活動期間，所參與的單位除了當地的政府與民眾之外，更有來自外縣市策略結盟的「明治村」和「昭和村」，陣容相當大。當然擔任顧問的專家學者们，在其發展過程中的貢獻也是相當卓著。 整個研究過程，除了驗證出「日本大正村」就是一個「學習型組織」外，其從無到有的營造過程中，創村元老们無私奉獻的義工精神，成就了它至今仍在觀光客心中屹立不搖的地位。 關鍵字：日本大正村、社區營造、學習型組織、第五項修練、學習型社區、 非營利組織、義工精神[[abstract]]The purpose of this thesis is to investigate a successful community empowerment case in Japan- Nihon-taishomura Based on the five disciplines in the theory of learning organization this research explores the degree of satisfaction of internal customer and of external customer via questionnaires with respect to community empowerment Furthermore this research reviews relevant literature of learning organization and modifies the survey of organization learning with reference to the commercial commentary in the homepage of the in American Harvard Since 1994 influenced by Peter Senge’s 《The Fifth Discipline》 Taiwan has shown great potential in this aspect in particular with the support of the government and industries such as learning companies learning schools learning hospitals Its development is multi-dimensional Among various forms of learning this research focuses on learning community The research object Nihon-taishomura is selected because Taiwanese community empowerment workers visited it frequently It is attempted to find out the common features with the learning organization from investigating the development and achievement of community empowerment in this community The turning point of the establishment of Nihon-taishomura's was that the Japan Rail stopped the transportation between this place and Akechi Adapted a photographer's ideas local people gathered all manpower physical and financial resources managed by a non-profit organization to cooperate with Japan Rail and restore the route The income of running this route is mainly from children's school commuting The support of this organization is not only from the local government and people but also other communities abroad The contribution of related experts who serves as consultants certainly very helpful to its development This research shows that Nihon-taishomura is a learning organization which is developed from scratch and the key to its success is the love and selfless contribution to this community and voluntary spirit of the local Keywords; Nihon-taishomura community empowerment leaning organization The Fifth Discipline leaning community non-profit organization voluntary spiri